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Antenna Array


Antenna array

Complex directional antenna consists of separate near-omnidirectional antennas (radiating elements) positioned in the space and driven by high-frequency …

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Alexandr Olegovich Kasyanov, Professor of the Department of Antennas and Radio Transmitters (DART) of Radio Engineering College, Doctor of Science in technics.

Electrodynamic analysis of multi-element printed antenna arrays and spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination devices



Published: 08/12/2010
Language: russian
Speciality: 05.12.07 — Antennas, microwave devices and their technologies
Type: Doctor thesis in technical sciences
Scientific adviser: Obukhovets Viktor Alexandrovic, Professor, Doctor of Science in technics
Defended at: Taganrog Institute of Technology of the Southern Federal University, Taganrog
© A. O. Kasyanov, 2010. All rights reserved.
© EDS–Soft, 2010. All rights reserved.


The purpose of this thesis is to develop and study electrodynamic models of multi-element microstrip antenna arrays of both the lens (PAA) and reflector (RAA) types, as well as SHF and EHF devices for spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation based on open printed electrodynamic structures; to develop and study electrodynamic recording methods for feeder system influence on the radiation and matching characteristics of multi-element microstrip PAAs, as well as that of constructional elements of microwave control devices (such as microwave components of smart coverings) on the dispersion characteristics of reconfigurable microstrip RAAs; to implement these models and methods in the form of effective computational algorithms for calculating electromagnetic fields induced in multi-element microstrip array antennas; and to study the electrodynamic characteristics of these arrays and elaborate guidelines for their design.

Accordingly, the objectives of the paper are the following:

To develop effective methods of recording the electrodynamic influence of constructional element rigidity in microwave control devices (both mesa-planar and surface-oriented) on the characteristics of printed multi-element reconfigurable reflector antenna arrays.
To develop effective electrodynamic models of multi-element microstrip reflector antenna arrays whose printed radiators/reradiators may be not only of any shape, but also three-dimensional.
To develop effective methods of recording the electrodynamic influence of feeder system rigidity in printed micro-element phased antenna arrays on their characteristics.
To develop effective electrodynamic models of multi-element microstrip phased antenna arrays whose printed radiators/reradiators may be not only of any shape, but also three-dimensional.
To develop methods of electrodynamic analysis of the radiation and matching characteristics of multi-element printed phased antenna arrays of the vibrator type, based on the solution of diffraction problems.
To develop an effective electrodynamic model of a multilayer multi-array planar frequency-selective surface whose printed elements may be of any shape.
To study numerically and develop, using the electrodynamic models which have been developed, spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices based on multi-element printed diffraction arrays, as well as to conduct experimental study of them.
To study numerically and develop, using the mathematical models of multi-element arrays which have been developed, printed elements of enhanced-characteristic focusing and scanning antenna systems with optical feed circuits of the reflector (reflector antenna with a flat reflector) and lens (spiraphase lens) types, as well as to conduct experimental study of them.
To study the dispersion characteristics of microstrip reflector antenna arrays with reconfigurable elements for performing the functions required of SHF and EHF components of smart radioelectronic coverings.
The scientific originality of the thesis is located in the following areas:
Formulation of a unified approach to electrodynamic analysis of various types of multi-element microstrip FAAs and RAAs with differing induction methods, types of load-carrying multi-terminal networks (impedance stubs), and topology and type of radiators, including combined (three-dimensional) and aligned antenna elements, as well as electrodynamic analysis of spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices based on them.
Development of new electrodynamic models of multi-element microstrip antenna arrays and of spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation SHF/EHF devices. These include, in particular, models of a microstrip stub reflector antenna array whose printed elements are loaded onto impedance stubs; a phased antenna array whose printed elements are induced by coaxial waveguides; a multilayer multi-planar reflector antenna array; a reflector antenna array consisting of combined microstrip radiators; a phased antenna array whose combined printed elements are induced by striplines; a multilayer multi-array frequency-selective surface; and a spiraphase focusing lens, flat reflectors based on printed element arrays for a folded reflector antenna, and smart-covering microwave modules based on reflector antenna arrays typically having no limitations on the shape of the printed elements, the thickness and parameters of the magnetodielectric substrates and shelters, or the number of impedance stubs and conductors of the inducing feeder lines and location of their connection to the printed elements.
Construction of an approximation closure for a current induced by an omnidirectional source on a plane conducting screen. The validity limits of this closure were studied by comparing it with the precise numerical solution. Engineering evaluations were obtained for the directivity characteristics and backscattered patterns formed by a plane conducting screen induced by an omnidirectional source or by a source with low directivity, as well as by a source with a tabletop radiation pattern.
Development of new electrodynamic recording methods for feeder system influence on the radiation and matching characteristics of multi-element microstrip PAAs, including, in particular, the following: a microstrip stub phased antenna array whose printed elements are induced by coaxial waveguides; a phased antenna array whose combined printed elements are induced by striplines; the radiating array of a spiraphase focusing lens whose printed elements are induced by twin lines, for which electrodynamic analysis typically includes not only the microstrip radiating elements, but also the feeder sections directly adjoining them, making it possible to take into account their influence on the radiation and matching characteristics of the phased antenna arrays with pre-specified accuracy.
Asymptotic evaluation of the directivity characteristics and backscattered radiation patterns of antennas on plane screens of the impedance type.
Development of new electrodynamic methods for recording the influence of microwave control device constructional elements on the dispersion characteristics of reconfigurable microstrip reflector antenna arrays, including, in particular, the following: a microstrip stub array whose printed elements are loaded onto impedance stubs; an array of combined microstrip radiators with impedance stubs; a planar array with surface-oriented impedance inclusions for which electrodynamic analysis typically includes not only printed radiators/reradiators, but also the constructional elements of the microwave control devices directly adjoining them, making it possible to take into account their influence on the dispersion characteristics of such arrays with pre-specified accuracy.
Development of methods for electrodynamic analysis of the radiation and matching characteristics of printed multi-element phased antenna arrays of the vibrator type, based on the solution of a set of diffraction problems.
Development and successful experimental testing of a number of new constructional solutions for multilayer radomes with improved characteristics, broadband twist polarization transformers, fractal-like and fractal frequency-selective surfaces, based on numerical study of the mathematical models of printed antenna arrays which were created.
Proposal of a new constructional solution, based on mathematical modeling, for a controllable polarization manipulator in the form of a microstrip reflector array with surface-oriented microwave-controlling elements (p-i-n diodes) that served as a basis for the development, fabrication, and successful experimental testing of a model of this SHF device.
Proposal of a number of new constructions for integral RAA elements: both flat microstrip spiraphase arrays (analogs of reflector and lens antennas), and compact dual-reflector antenna systems with reflectors based on printed arrays of the reflector (with a rotating plane of polarization) and lens types, as well as auxiliary RAAs for the enhancement of existing antennas to improve their electromagnetic compatibility and create controllable reflectors.
The thesis is of scientific importance for creating a new methodology for effective electrodynamic analysis of multi-element strip and microstrip antenna arrays of the lens and reflector types, with both closed and open distribution systems, which can be also applied in parameter calculations for other types of multi-element flat-aperture antenna arrays; for its effective analytical methods, which are applicable to a wide range of frequency-selective surfaces, angular and polarization filters, and polarization transformers in the SHF and EHF bands; and the proposed method for determining the matching characteristics of the radiators of printed PAAs of the vibrator type based on solving a number of diffraction problems.

Propositions to be defended:

The entire set of mathematical models of multi-element microstrip phased and reflector antenna arrays, as well as spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices based on them, which rest on the solution of three-dimensional electromagnetic induction problems. These are models for:
 
Microstrip stub reflector and phased antenna arrays.
Printed reflector and phased antenna arrays with combined elements.
Multilayer reflector lens arrays with stacked elements.
A flat spiraphase focusing lens with circular polarization based on microstrip reflector and lens antenna arrays.
A microstrip reflector antenna array with surface-oriented impedance inclusions.
The electrodynamic recording methods for feeder system influence on the radiation and matching characteristics of multi-element microstrip PAAs, and for the influence of constructional elements of microwave control devices on the dispersion characteristics of reconfigurable printed reflector antenna arrays.
The methods for determining the parameters of multi-element microstrip phased antenna arrays by using the results of solving diffraction problems.
The entire sets of computational algorithms and programs for implementation of the calculation models and methods developed for all of the electrodynamic problems stated in the thesis, which allow considerable extension of the capabilities for modeling multi-element printed antenna arrays and spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices based on them.
The new scientific findings concerning particular features of electromagnetic wave dispersion on reconfigurable microstrip RAAs (including those with combined elements, impedance stubs, and surface-oriented inclusions), as well as the induction of multi-element printed PAAs and spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices, which make it possible to elaborate guidelines for the use of multi-element microstrip arrays as SHF and EHF modules in smart coverings.
New, scientifically grounded technical solutions in the field of creating multi-element microstrip phased and reflector antenna arrays, as well as spatial, frequency, and polarization discrimination and transformation devices based on them, including:
 
A constructional solution for an economical scanning antenna array in the form of a flat spiraphase lens based on multi-element arrays consisting of printed radiators.
Broadband phase-correcting flat reflectors which make it possible to transform the polarization of the reflected field in dual-reflector antenna systems.
A number of fundamental and constructional solutions both for multipurpose radomes and fractal frequency-selective surfaces, and for SHF and EHF smart-covering components.

Thesises for 2010

All thesises

GuidesArray Coaxial 0.1.2

GuidesArray Coaxial™ is used by engineers for projecting and exploring the characteristics of two-dimensional periodic phased antenna arrays for coaxial waveguides.


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